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UNIT 13
1、word study
compel,undertake,coincide,gamble,go in for
① compel
vt.強(qiáng)迫（compel…to或compel…to sth）
They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.
他們常常不得不每天工作12或14小時(shí)。
He always tried to compel me to his will.
他總是想逼我服從他的意愿。
The performance compelled tears from the audience.(=…compel the audience to shed tears)
表演使觀眾感動(dòng)得落淚。
② undertake
vt.1、著手做，進(jìn)行；2、承擔(dān)，從事，進(jìn)行；3、承擔(dān)，答應(yīng)（to）
The police undertook detailed and comprehensive investigations into the case.
警察對(duì)這個(gè)案件著手進(jìn)行了細(xì)致和全面的調(diào)查。
We undertook to reach home before dark.
我們爭(zhēng)取天黑以前到家。
Do you know the lawyer who undertook the case?
你認(rèn)識(shí)負(fù)責(zé)處理此案的律師嗎？
Reluctantly he undertook the task.
他勉勉強(qiáng)強(qiáng)地接受了這一使命。
He undertook to preserve a strictly neutral position.
他承諾嚴(yán)守中立。
③ coincide
vi.一致，相符（with）
The centres of the two circles coincide.
這兩個(gè)圓的圓點(diǎn)重合。
They cannot go to the theatre together because his free time never coincide with hers.
他們不能一起去看戲，因?yàn)樗退龔膩矶疾皇峭瑫r(shí)有空。
The judges didn’t coincide in opinion.
法官們意見不一。
④ gamble
vi./vt.1、賭博，打賭（on）；2、投機(jī)，冒險(xiǎn)
They gambled on the result of a competition.
他們對(duì)競(jìng)賽的結(jié)果打賭。
The young man has gambled everything away.
那個(gè)年輕人把什么都輸?shù)袅恕?/p>
I wouldn’t gamble on Jim‘s paying the bill if I were you.
假如我是你，我不會(huì)期望杰姆付賬的。
He gambled his savings to start a small shop.
他孤注一擲用自己的積蓄開了一家小商店。
n.1、賭博；2、投機(jī)，冒險(xiǎn)
The operation may not succeed; it’s a gamble whether the patient lives or dies.
手術(shù)可能不成功，病人的生死是一次冒險(xiǎn)。
⑤ go in for
1、參加，從事；2、以。。。為興趣，愛好
I’m going to go in for the final examination next week.
下星期我將參加期末考試。
As my intellect is not adapted for science, I must go in for art.
我的頭腦不適應(yīng)科學(xué)，我應(yīng)該學(xué)藝術(shù)。
What sports do you go in for?
你喜歡哪些體育項(xiàng)目？
In our department, every student goes in for after-school activities.
我們系的每個(gè)學(xué)生都喜歡課外活動(dòng)。
2、常考句型
1、如果社會(huì)強(qiáng)迫他去做他不樂意的事，他就不可能真正快樂。P1
He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.
2、勞作或工作，不取決于工作本身，而取決于從事這項(xiàng)工作的人喜好。P3
Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.
3、比如，這二者區(qū)別與體力勞動(dòng)腦力勞動(dòng)之間的區(qū)別并不是一致。P3
The difference does not , for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job.
4、因此他會(huì)很自然地想象自己被迫勞動(dòng)的時(shí)間越短自由娛樂的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)就越好。P3
So that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.
3、習(xí)題
一、單詞詞組英譯漢：
1.compel 2.voluntary 3.undertake 4.coincide 5.manual
6.efficiency 7.compulsion 8.division 9.eliminate 10.boring
11.amusement . so far as …knows . to coincide with . attitude toward . to go in for
二、句子英譯漢：
1.~4. 與常考句型相同。
5.This instinct has to do with the political nature of work itself, something every modern worker understands. (para.3)
6.The bosses want more from the worker than they are willing to give in return. (para.3)
7.A good worker in a key spot could , so long as he kept up production , take all the coffee breaks he wanted.(para.3)
8.I have searched my mind in vain for a polite way to tell that reader to go to hell. (para.4)
9.If you are that reader, I would recommend that you abandon your outrage and begin thinking abut doing something similar for yourself. (para.5)
10.They also like it for another reason, even if they will not admit it : it makes it very difficult for the worker to do anything other than work.
other than 除了… 以外
三、漢譯英
1.如果他被迫去做他不樂意做的事，他不可能高興。
He can't be happy if he is compelled to do what he doesn't enjoy doing.
If he is compelled to do what he is unwilling to do, he cannot be happy.
2.一件工作被算成是勞作還是工作取決于個(gè)人的喜好。
Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends on one's interest.
3.廣義上說，任何人作的工作都對(duì)社會(huì)有益。
In a broad sense , what anyone does is beneficial to the society.
In general , what one does is of social value.
4.勞作與工作之間的區(qū)別與體力勞動(dòng)與腦力勞動(dòng)的區(qū)別并不一樣。
The difference between labor and work does not coincide with that between a manual and a mental job;
5.技術(shù)與勞動(dòng)分工在許多領(lǐng)域結(jié)束了對(duì)熟練工的需求。
Technology and the division of labor have eliminated in many fields the need for skilled workers.
4、歷年試題
1. The important of these_____(vary) according to the nature of one's life-style. (99.10)
答案： varies 。
2. 漢譯英：他被迫接受了一份他自己毫無興趣的工作。
答案： He is compelled to take a job.
3. A man can not be really happy if what he enjoys____(do) is ignored by society as of no value or importance. （ 00.10 ）
答案： doing 。考點(diǎn)： enjoy 后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
Translation
1. 一個(gè)人如果被社會(huì)強(qiáng)迫去做他不樂意的事情，他就不可能真正快樂。
答： A man cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing.
2. 工作與勞動(dòng)的區(qū)別不在于腦力勞動(dòng)與體力勞動(dòng)的區(qū)別。
答： The difference between work and labor does not lie in the difference between mental and manual jobs.
3. 他說老板給他的工作他毫無興趣。
答： He says the job his boos offers him is of no interest to him.
4. 一個(gè)人是工作者還是勞動(dòng)者可以從他對(duì)休閑的態(tài)度上看出來。 答案
答： Whether one is a worker or laborer can be seen form his attitude toward leisure.
5. 對(duì)他來說，休閑意味著沒有強(qiáng)制。
答： To him , leisure means freedom from compulsion.
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