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UNIT 12
1、word study
spur,confront,reflection,drift
① spur
n.1、踢馬刺；2、刺激（物），鼓勵(lì)；鼓舞
This book is a spur to the child’s intellect and imagination.
這本書激發(fā)了那個(gè)孩子的智力和想象力。
vt.1、用踢馬刺催促（馬）；2、激勵(lì)，鞭策
He spurred his horse and ran away.
他用踢馬刺策馬，跑開了。
The thought of the prize spurred me on.
要奪獎(jiǎng)的思想激勵(lì)著我前進(jìn)。
② confront
vt.1、面對(duì)，遭遇；2、正視；對(duì)抗
Escape being impossible, the rabbit turned to confront the dog.
逃跑是不可能的，兔子就轉(zhuǎn)過頭來和狗對(duì)抗。
The disease confronted him with death.
疾病使他面臨死亡。
The difficulties that confront us cannot be overcome.
我們所面臨的困難無法克服。
如果用被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)，則confronted后用with或by。
We are confronted by many difficulties.
我們面臨許多困難。
The explorers were confronted with many challenges.
探險(xiǎn)者遇到了許多挑戰(zhàn)。
③ reflection
n.1、反射，反映，映像；2、沉思，考慮
The reflection of light confused us.
反光使我們頭暈眼花。
The reflection of the sun was blinding.
反射的太陽光令人目眩。
This poem is a reflection of my mood at the time I wrote it.
這首詩反映了我執(zhí)筆時(shí)的心情。
He was looking at his reflection in the mirror.
他看著自己在鏡中的映像。
After some reflection the manager granted the request.
經(jīng)理稍一思索，便允許了請(qǐng)求。
④ drift
n.1、漂流；2、傾向，趨勢(shì)
The weather forecast reported an easterly drift of wind.
天氣預(yù)報(bào)報(bào)告風(fēng)向偏東。
The general drift of affairs was towards war.
總的勢(shì)態(tài)是趨向戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
vi.漂流；漂泊
We watched the leaves drift down the stream.
我們看著樹葉沿小河漂去。
Our conversation drifted from one topic to another.
我們的話題換了又換。
In order to find a job, he drift from California to Toronto.
為找到一份工作，他從加利福尼亞漂泊到多倫多。
vt.使漂流
The snow was drifted in great piles against the house.
雪被風(fēng)吹到房子旁邊，積成一堆一堆的。
2、常考句型
1、夢(mèng)幻最好也不過被認(rèn)為是對(duì)生活中的實(shí)際事物的一種補(bǔ)償性的替代。P1
At its best, daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.
2、總有那么一些人，他們用想入非非的生活來代替從實(shí)際活動(dòng)中得到的好處。P2
There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity.
3、大部分人受夢(mèng)幻過少而不是過多之苦。P2
Most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.
4、不僅他們應(yīng)付每日生活的壓力的能力變差，他們的自我控制和自我導(dǎo)向能力也會(huì)受到損害。P2
Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, but also their self–control and self-direction become endangered.
5、但它的好處不只這些。P3
But its beneficial effects go beyond this . Go beyond 表示"超越…， 不僅僅是…"
6、在歷史上，科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家是似乎能充分利用松弛時(shí)刻的一類人。P7
Historically , scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take full advantage of relaxed moments. Take advantage of 利用
7、無論何時(shí)他遇到好像一個(gè)解決不了的問題時(shí)，他會(huì)躺在實(shí)驗(yàn)室沙發(fā)上，四肢舒展，讓各種幻覺涌滿他的腦海。P7
Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with, he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind.
8、你要把自己幻想成一個(gè)勝利者，這將有助于你取得成就。P10
Picture yourself as winning and that will contribute remarkably to success.
9、重要的是要記住，你幻想這些期望的目標(biāo)時(shí)就好像你已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了它們那樣。P11
The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.
3、習(xí)題
一、詞匯英譯漢：
1. symptom 2. intellectual 3. detail 4. initial
5. inventor 6. confront 7. sensitivity 8. reflection
9. creativity 10. character 11. trace 12. modest
詞組：
13. investment 14. to substitute … for 15. be contrary to 16. to put off
17. be confronted with 18. to gaze at
19. be unaware of 20. to impress…on
21. be free from 22. be beneficial to
二、句子英譯漢：
1.~9. 與常考句型相同。
三、漢譯英
1.最近的研究成果表明，白日做夢(mèng)是日常生活的一部分。
Recent research shows / indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life .
2.白日做夢(mèng)不僅有利于心態(tài)平衡，而且能提高人們的自控力。
Daydreaming is not only beneficial to the mental balance, but also to enhance one's ability of self-control.
Daydreaming can not only help maintain emotional balance , but also improve one's self-control .
3.歷史上許多科學(xué)家與發(fā)明家曾充分利用白日夢(mèng)。
Historically, many scientists and inventors have taken full advantage of daydreaming.
Many scientists and inventors in history took full use of daydreaming.
4.有的作曲家在作曲時(shí)幾乎像進(jìn)入了很深的白日夢(mèng)狀態(tài)。
While composing, some composers seem to approach a state of deep daydreaming.
Some composers seemed to approach a state of deep daydreaming while they were composing.
5.在夢(mèng)境中不要將自己描繪成失敗者而應(yīng)該是成功者。
Picture yourself as a winner rather than loser in your daydream.
Picture yourself in your daydream as winning rather than defeated.
4、歷年試題
1. According to Dr. Kramer,_____people who appear in your dreams,_____you are on awakening. （ 99.10 ）
A as many … as happy B the more… the more happy C the more… the happier D the most … the happiest
答案： C 。考點(diǎn)：本題主要考查 the + 比較級(jí)， the + 比較級(jí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是“越 … , 越 … ”
2. Hold a picture of yourself long and steadily enough____your mind's eye, and you will be drawn toward it . (99.10)
A. at B. in C. before D. in front of
答案： B 。考點(diǎn)：本題主要考查詞組 in one's mind's eye 意思是“在腦海中”。
3. In the past two decades, research_____(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dreams. (00.4)
答案： expanded 。本題主要考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。“ in the past two decades ”經(jīng)常是表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語。
4. It has been proved that their best ideas seem____(occur) when they were relaxing. (01.4)
答案： to have occurred 。 考點(diǎn)：本題主要考查 seem 后面要加動(dòng)詞不定式完成式作賓語。
5. 漢譯英：科學(xué)家正在研究為什么白日夢(mèng)會(huì)有益于人們的健康。 (01.4)
答案： Scientists are studying why daydreaming is beneficial to people's health.
6. A life____(live) without fantasy and daydreaming is a really poor life indeed. （ 02.4 ）
答案： lived 。考點(diǎn)： lived 是過去分詞作定語修飾 life 。 詞組“ live a …life ”表示過著 … 樣的生活。
詞匯精講
daydream vi./n. 白日做夢(mèng)
symptom n. 癥狀，征兆
Most infections are contagious before any symptoms are noticed.
大多數(shù)傳染病在癥狀被發(fā)現(xiàn)之前已具有傳染性。
He recognizes the symptoms, but refuses to admit that he has marital problems.
他承認(rèn)這些征兆，但不愿承認(rèn)自己的婚姻發(fā)生了問題。
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