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UNIT 9
1、word study
approximate,proportion,appreciation,acknowledge,neglect
① approximate
a.近似的，大約的
The approximate number of immigrants is two million.
移民數目大約為兩百萬。
The approximate length of a meter is 40 inches.
一米大約為40英寸。
vt.1、近似，接近；2、使接近（在直接賓語后用介詞to）
Your account of what happened approximates the real facts, but there are some small inaccuracies.
你對發生的情況的描述接近實際情況，但有些小的出入。
We try to approximate the operating temperature to the optimal value.
我們努力使工作溫度接近最佳值。
vi.接近（其詞義與及物動詞相同，只是后面接介詞to）
Your account of what happened approximates to the real facts.
你對發生的情況的描述接近實際情況。
② proportion
n.比率，比例
in proportion to 表示“與。。。成比例”； out of proportion 表示“與。。。不成比例”
The proportion of births to the population is increasing.
人口出生率在上升。
A large proportion of the earth surface is ocean.
地球表面的大部分是海洋。
The camel possesses strength in proportion to its size.
駱駝的力氣與它的身體大小成比例。
His earnings are out of all proportion to his skill and ability.
他的收入與他的技術及能力很不相稱。
vt.使成比例；使相稱
The soldier proportioned his pace to the march.
戰士調制步子以便與行軍的步伐一致。
③ appreciation
n.1、欣賞，鑒賞；2、正確評價；3、感激，感謝
A person with an appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.
一個具有文學藝術欣賞力的人能勝任這項工作。
Rabbits have a well-known appreciation for family life.
眾所周知，兔子有重視家庭生活的習性。
We take this opportunity of expressing our sincere appreciation of your help.
對你們的幫助，我們趁這個機會向你們表示衷心的感謝。
They are mistaken in their appreciation of the country’s economic conditions.
他們對國家經濟形勢的判斷是錯誤的。
④ acknowledge
vt.1、承認；2、表示謝意
He acknowledged his own faults.
他承認了自己的過失。
The sales department acknowledged my order form.
銷售部表示收到了我的訂貨單。
The minister acknowledged his adviser’s services to the city.
部長就他的顧問對城市的貢獻表示感謝。
⑤ neglect
vt./n.忽視，忽略；疏忽
They neglected his warning.
他們對他的警告置之不理。
The secretary was fired for neglecting her duty.
那個秘書因疏于職守而被解雇。
Agriculture is somewhat neglected in that district.
農業在那個地區有些不受重視。
The old man lives alone in neglect.
這個老人孑然一身無人照管。
2、常考句型
1、如果一個國家人口中7%或以上的人滿65歲或超過65歲，就被列為“老齡國”。P1
Nation classified as "aged" when they have 7 percent of more of their people aged 65 or above.
2、一個社會的人口增長率越接近零，它的人口就可能越老齡---至少對任何能關系到我們現在的未來是這樣的。P1
The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth, the older its population is likely to be—at least, for any future that concerns us now.
3、當然你現在年齡越大，這種比例就越高，如果你是女人，這比例還應該更高。P5
The older you are now, of course, the greater this proportion will be, and greater still if you are a woman.
4、如果你現在30多歲，你應當知道你可以指望活到60歲后再活上剩余生命的三分之一。P5
If you are now in your thirties, you ought to be aware that you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60.
3、習題
一、詞匯英譯漢：
1.classify 2.approximate 3.proportion 4.appreciation 5.acknowledge 6.alter 7.lengthen 8.wealthy 9.neglect 10.expectation
1.to approximate to 2.resistance to 3.to cope with 4.attribute … to
二、句子英譯漢：
1.~4. 與常考句型相同。
5.If, however, children grow up without love and without feelings of self-worth, they feel unlovable and worthless and expect to be cheated, taken advantage of, and looked down upon by others.
look down upon : 看不起…； 輕視… ;
6.without a healthy self-esteem they may cope by acting out problems rather than talking them out or by withdrawing and remaining indifferent toward themselves and others.
7.It is not until energies are back to normal that the real problem is recognized.
8.it is not until about the time the child enters school that outside forces contribute to feelings about the self.
三、句子漢譯英
1.老齡化已成為一個社會問題。
Aging has become a social problem.
2.人們反對這一看法來自于出生率的下降。
The resistance to the idea is caused by the falling of birthrates.
The fall of birthrate resulted in people's objection to the idea.
3.人們壽命的長短取決于種種因素。
The length of life depends on various factors.
Expectation of life is due to various factors.
4.估計壽命是預計一個人能活得平均年數。
Expectation of life is the average numbers of years that a person is expected to live.
The expectancy of life is the prediction of average years a person can live.
5.長壽在改變我們的生活，改變我們的社會。
Long life is altering our life as well as our society.
Long life is changing our lives, changing our society.
4、歷年試題
1.Your account of what happened yesterday approximates _____ the real facts. （99.10）
A. near
B. of
C. to
D. upon
答案：C。考點：此題考查詞組approximate to 表示“與…接近”。
2.漢譯英：正是由于出生率下降了，我們的社會才變得如此老齡。(99.10)
It is because the birthrate fell that our society had grown so old.
3.Nations are _______ as "aged" when they have 7 percent or more of their people aged 65 or above.
A. limited
B. classified
C. originated
D. processed
(00.4)
答案：B。本題考查詞組：classify as 表示把… 列為。
4.漢譯英：一個社會的人口增長率越接近零，其人口便越老齡化。(00.10)
The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth, the older its population is.
5.If you are now _____ , you ought to pay more attention to your health. (01.4)
A. in the fifties
B. in your fifties
C. in fifties
D. in your fifty
答案：B. 本題主要考查詞組in your fifties 表示"在你50歲時"。
6.We know that we are getting even older, and that the nearer a society approximates to zero population
Growth, the ______(old) its population is likely to be. (01.10)
答案：older。本題主要考查“the + 形容詞比較級…. the +形容詞比較級”的用法。
7.In his composition there were no other errors ____ a few misspelled words. (02.4)
A. beside
B. except
C. then
D. than
答案：D。本題主要考查詞組"no other … than "的用法，表示“除了…外，沒有… ”。
8.We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere ______(appreciate) of your help. (02.4)
答案：appreciation 。本題中sincere 是形容詞，因此后面接名詞。Appreciate 是動詞，其名詞形式是appreciation .
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