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UNIT 3
1、word study
request,ensure,oppose,burden,open up
① request
n./vt.請求，要求
request后面接for，表示要求的對象；“根據要求”為by(或on) request；“應。。。之要求”則為at sb’s request。
He made a request for immediate help.
他要求立即給予幫助。
Minibuses stop by request.
小公共汽車招手即停。
Instructions will be sent immediately on(upon) request.
說明將按要求立即寄出。
The singer gave one more song at our request.
歌唱家在我們的要求下又唱了一首歌。
Your silence is requested.
請勿說話。
② ensure
vt.保證，擔保
ensure后面接against或from，表示“保證。。。免于。。。”；后面接to或for，則表示“保證。。。具有。。。”。
We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way.
我們可以保證把工作做好。
The police can ensure the witness against (或from) danger.
警察能保證證人免受危險。
This measure ensure to (或for) us a voice in the matter.
這項措施使我們在這件事上具有發言權。
③ oppose
vt.1、反對，反抗；2、使相對，使對抗（to）
Many people opposed building a new highway because of the great cost.
由于代價過于高昂，許多人都反對修一條新公路。
To the difficulties she opposed a will of iron.
她用鋼鐵般的意志對待困難。
What he said was totally opposed to the facts.
他說的與事實完全相反。
We are firmly opposed to this dirty political deal.
我們堅決反對這場骯臟的政治交易。
④ burden
n.1、擔子，負擔；2、責任，義務
She bore the whole burden of raising two children.
她一個人負起撫養兩個孩子的全部責任。
The burden of running the factory is too heavy for his failing health.
管理這家工廠的重擔對他日益惡化的健康來說是太重了。
vt.使負重擔；麻煩，勞累
The mother was burden with worries.
媽媽憂心忡忡。
Students are heavily burdened with home assignments.
學生家庭作業負擔過重。
⑤ open up
1、打開；2、開辦，開辟，開發；3、坦誠地或無拘無束地談話
They opened up his stomach to get at the source of the trouble.
他們給他的胃開了刀，以找出病根。
They opened up a mine in the remote areas.
他們在那個偏遠地區開了礦。
They decided to open up a business in the town.
他們決定在城里開一家店。
The girl decided to open up and tell us everything.
這個女孩決定坦誠地告訴我們一切。
2、常考句型
1、范萬德爾重病在身，再也不能說清楚話，他知道他沒有康復的希望，身體狀況正在急劇惡化。P2
Affected with a serious disease, van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.
2、在讓自己的醫生注射最后結束生命的那一針之前，范萬德爾生命中的最后三個月被拍攝了下來，去年在荷蘭電視上首次播出。P3
Van Wendel’s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.
3、從那時開始，已有20多個國家買下了這個節目，每次播放都引起了對這一話題的全國性大辯論。P3
The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.
4、那些反對安樂死的人實際在告訴我，臨終者沒有這個權利。P9
What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven’t the right.
3、習題
1.詞匯英譯漢
. weaken . deteriorate .debate . legal. request . criterion . ensure . oppose tradition consideration disabled . burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive
詞組：. to debate on . to make request for be opposed to . to take … into account
2.句子英譯漢（重點句）
Affected with a serious disease, van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.
Van Wendel’s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.
The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.
What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven’t the right.
The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering , that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .
I think that anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.
3.句子漢譯英 P.59
安樂死的確能解除臨終病人的痛苦。
Euthanasia can really help rid the dying patients of extreme suffering .
Euthanasia does release the dying people from their suffering .
你知道不知道荷蘭是歐洲唯一允許安樂死的國家?
Do you know that the Netherlands is the only country in Europe that permits euthanasia ?
支持這一觀點的醫生并不意味著他們不關心病人。
Those doctors who support the idea never mean they don’t care about / for patients .
在第一個醫生診斷疾病之后，必須由另外一名醫生確認病情。
After the first doctor has diagnosed the illness , a second doctor must confirm the case .
反對者認為病人并不一定真正希望結束生命，可能請求之后另有他求。
Opponents think patients may not really want to end their lives, and probably there is another request behind the request .
4、歷年試題
1. The film ______（show） Cees Van Wendel’s death was both moving and sensitive. （99.10）
答案： showing . 考點：showing 是現在分詞作定語修飾the film .
2. Each time the programmer of Van Wendal’s last days before euthanasia was showed on TV, it starts a nationwide debate ______ the subject. （99.10）
A. for
B. against
C. on
D. of
答案： C . 考點：詞組debate on 對… 的爭論。
3. 漢譯英：每次播放這個節目，都引起對此話題的全國性大辯論。（99.10）
答案： Each time it is shown , this program starts a nationwide debate on the subject.
4. 漢譯英 ： 據說那個病人曾要求醫生助他一死。（00.10）
答案： The patient is said to have asked the doctor to help him die.
（ 或者： It is said that the patient has asked the doctor to help him die .）
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