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UNIT 1
1、 word study
objective,accompany,argue,define
①objective
a.⑴客觀的，真實的。⑵如實的，無偏見的。
We have to accept the objective reality as it is.
我們必須接受客觀事實。
The literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgement.
文學批評家在分析和評價時應盡量不偏不倚。
n.目標，目的。
People work hard to carry out the economic objectives of the Ninth Five-Year Plan.
人們為了實現第九個五年規劃的經濟目標而努力工作。
My objective for the present is to pass the oral exam.
我目前的目標是通過口試。
②accompany
vt./vi.1、伴隨，陪同；2、為。。。伴奏
The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.
演唱者由他的學生擔任鋼琴伴奏。
The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog.
這位孤獨的老人讓他的狗作伴。
All orders must be accompanied with cash.
所有的訂貨單必須隨附現金。
③argue
vt./vi.爭辯，爭論，辯論
作不及物動詞用時，后邊可以接with,about或over，for（贊成）或against（反對）。
She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.
她總喜歡為極小的問題進行爭論。
He often argues philosophy with James.
他常和詹姆斯討論哲學。
He argued for immediate action.
他主張立即行動。
They argued against such a policy.
他們反對這種政策。
vt.1、說服；2、用辯論說服
argue into（out of）doing sth.. 說服某人做（不做）某事。
I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.
我說服他不做這樣危險的旅行。
He argued that man was descended from apes.
他論證人類的祖先是猿。
④define
vt.1、解釋，給。。。下定義；2、限定，規定。
Work is defined as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.
功的定義是力和力的著力點沿力的方向移動的距離的乘積。
He has defined his position on the issues.
他已表明自己在這些問題上的立場。
2、 常考句型
1、決策是在現有的可選做法中所做的選擇。P1
A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.
2、管理者經常必須對未來的情況下做出最佳的猜測，盡量不存僥幸。P2
Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.
3、如果沒有選擇，就無決策可言。P3
If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.
4、對于管理者而言，每次決策都受到政策、程序、法律、慣例等待因素的制約。P3
For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like.
5、例如，管理者有時以非此即彼的方式來處理問題。P4
For example, managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.
6、決策者們必須有辦法決定數個可選項中的哪一個是最好的---哪一個對組織目標的實現起作用最大。P6
Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best—that is, which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.
7、就更大的系統來說，增加研究經費以便改進產品，對該組織更有益。P6
In the larger scheme of things, however, increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.
8、有些目標比另一些目標更重要，但其排序和重要性則因人和部門而異。P7
Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department .
3、 習題
1.單詞英譯漢
goal, objective, accomplish, predict, accompany, implement, tendency, achievement, argue, budget, define, entity,
2.詞組英譯漢
in the way, in part, point of view, contribute to, to apply for, in hand, to turn down
3.句子英譯漢
與常考句型相同。
4.Text A 漢譯英
決策者應該能夠對將來作出最好的推測。
Decision makers should be able to make a best guess at what the future will be.
有人認為經理們所作的一切均與決策有關。
Some people believe almost everything a manager does involves decision.
沒有正確的選擇就沒有正確的決定。
If there is no proper choice, there is no proper decision.
不同的人對同樣的問題有不同的看法，所以解決的辦法也不同。
Different people have different ideas about the same problem; their solutions to the problem are, therefore, also different.
決策者往往是公司業務發展的關鍵。
Decision makers often play the key role in the development of the business of a company.
Decision makers are usually key people who determine the company's business development.
4、歷年試題
1. Almost everything a manager does _______ (involve) decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making . (99.4)。
答案是involves . 考點: involve 為謂語動詞，應該用一般現在時。
2.If there is no choice, there is no decision _______(make). (99.4)
答案是to be made 。考點：to be made 是動詞不定式作定語修飾decision.
3. If you are now_____your thirties, you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60. (99.4)
A. in B. at C. between D. among
答案是 A.
4. Almost everything a manager does_____decisions; indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making. (00.4)
A. imposes B. improvise C. involves D. indicates
答案為C .
5. When______(present) with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales problems and production managers see production problems.
答案為presented . 考點： present 是過去分詞作狀語。
6. An organization is a group of people, and a decision_____(make) today may have consequences far into the future.
答案是made . 考點：make 是過去分詞作定語， 修飾decision .
7. 漢譯英：通常管理者必須對未來的情況作出最佳的預測。
答案：Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be.
1. 決策的目的是為了實現組織的目標。
答：The purpose of making a decision is to achieve organizational goals.
2. 決策過程對經營管理至關重要。
答： The decision-making process is fundamental to business management.
3. 經理所做的任何事情幾乎都與決策有關。
答：Almost everything a manager does involves decision-making.
4. 雖然我們不能預見未來，但應當盡量減少偶然性發生。
答： Although we cannot predict the future, we must try t leave as little as possible to chance.
5. 不同的管理者對同一問題的解釋不同。
答： Different manager define the same problem in different terms.
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